IHSDP

National Urban Renewal Mission (NURM)- a centrally sponsored programme is going to be launched this year in the 10^th Plan Period with the objective of upgradation and development of Physical Urban Infrastructure alongwith improvement of Basic Services for the urban poor as well as boosting the growth of the towns of the state in a uniform and harmonic manner.

Under this recent programme of NURM for the components of IHSDP as per the State Urban strategy plan, Bankura town of Bankura District has been selected for inclusion in the initial phase during the current fiscal year.

It is anticipated that the introduction of the programme will go a long way to upgrade and improve the basic urban infrastructure including the Poverty Sector. The ULB will be capable of utilizing the success of the programme for further Municipal developmental works and up gradation of the quality of Civic life. It will also help the ULB to become self-reliant and ultimately the town will be a potential generator of economic momentum and activities in the desired direction.

The town has 295 nos. of slums in total. This project report has been prepared for 73 nos. of slum as Part –I a tentative outlay of Rs 615.09 Lakhs. This cost does not include incentive charge of Rs. 43.32 lakh. For remaining slums such sub projects, are also being prepared in such sub-projects II-V. Thus all the sub-projects will cover the entire slums in the town. The physical schemes for this town have been identified on the basis of preliminary assessment which will be befitting with the final and Comprehensive Development Project Plan for the entire town which is under process.

1.0 INTRODUCTION:

The twenty first century is expected to witness not only sustained population growth but also more of urbanization. Economic vibrancy of large urban centers is offering diverse employment opportunities and means of livelihood is the chief cause of migration to these areas. In India, migration has played an important role in accelerated urban growth. However, it concomitantly results in transfer of rural poverty to urban areas. Rural migrants are attracted to the urban areas for economic reasons regardless of the fact that physical infrastructure in terms of housing, drinking water supply, drainage etc. is not so adequate in the cities. Cities have been the hubs of economic growth. But planned urbanization has been marred to an extent by the excessive demand for basic amenities resulting in deterioration in the physical environment. The quality of life has thus suffered due to continuing influx of migrants and consequent widening of the gap between demand and supply of the essential services and other infrastructure in these areas. Unchecked migration, particularly aggravate housing problem resulting in increase in the land price. These force the poor to settle for informal solutions resulting in mushrooming of slums and squatter settlements. The problem of urban slums has been faced at some point of time by almost all the major cities throughout the developing world. Indian cities have not been an exception.

1.1 Need for the Comprehensive Slum Development Policy:

Sociologists, economists, environmentalists and town planners have perceived slums and problems of slum dwellers from their own point of view. But there is no denying the fact that the slums have become an integral part of the phenomenon of urbanization and are, in a way, manifestation of overall socio-economic policies and planning in the States and in the Country. But this should not discount the fact that the slum dwellers have been contributing significantly to the economy of the city by being a source of affordable labour supply both in the formal and informal sectors of the economy. Comprehensive information on the slums is essential for formulation of an effective and coordinated policy for their improvement/ rehabilitation as they have not received due attention in urban planning and have remained as an area of neglect. Piecemeal efforts in the past have brought about some improvement in the lives of the slum dwellers, but this is not enough. A lot more is required to be done to improve the quality of life in slums.

1.2 Slums Defined in the Act:

Under section-3 of the Slum Area Improvement and Clearance Act, 1956, slums have been defined as mainly those residential areas where dwellings are in any respect unfit for human habitation by reasons of dilapidation, overcrowding, faulty arrangements and designs of such buildings, narrowness and faulty arrangement of streets, lack of ventilation, light or sanitation facilities or any combination of these factors which are detrimental to safety, health and morals. Thus, conceptually slums are compact overcrowded residential areas (and not isolated or scattered dwellings) unfit for habitation due to lack of one or more of the basic infrastructure like drinking water, sanitation, electricity, sewerage, streets etc.

1.3 Steps taken for Comprehensive Planning for Slum Development:

It is in this background that in the 2001 Census, an innovative attempt was made to collect detailed demographic data about slum areas across the country, particularly, in cities and towns having population of 50,000 or above in 1991. Formation and identification of slum enumeration blocks prior to the conduct of 2001 Census has made it possible to compile and prepare special tables for slums. It is for the first time in the history of the country that the slum demography is being presented on the basis of the actual count. The systematic delineation of slums for collection of primary data on their population characteristics during population enumeration itself may perhaps be the first of its type in the world. What is significant is that this did not bring large additional burden on the financial resources or the manpower resources. The information on different characteristics of the slum dwellers has been collected through the same Census questionnaire of ‘Household Schedule’, which was canvassed for the population enumeration in the country at the 2001 Census.

The analysis of the data in this report provided an overview of the population characteristics of slums and squatter settlements and is expected to serve as a benchmark for pragmatic and realistic town planning while dealing with the issue of slums and slum dwellers.

It is with these information in hand that the National Urban Renewal Mission (NURM), a centrally sponsored programme is going to be launched this year in the 10th Plan Period with the objective of upgradation and development of Physical Urban Infrastructure alongwith improvement of Basic Services for the urban poor as well as boosting the growth of the towns of the state in a uniform and harmonic manner. Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) forms an important part of this Programme.

1.4 Basic Aim of the IHSDP scheme

The scheme aims at upgradation and development of Physical Infrastructure alongwith improvement of Basic Services for the urban poor as well as improvement of the socio-economic infrastructure of the urban slums in close co-ordination and harmony with the development of the town as a whole.

1.5 Plan of Action for Achievement of the Goals

For proper achievement of the objectives of the scheme, the following action plan has been followed for the individual towns.

1) Identification of the slum pockets: The identification and location of the slum pockets in each city and town has been done by the respective local authority. Clusters of 60-70 households with approximately 300 populations were carved out as separate Slum Pockets.

2) Surveying of the existing facilities: A team of the respective local bodies has assessed the existing facilities of physical infrastructure and socio-economic infrastructure. Of the physical infrastructure components, housing, being one of the basic human needs, has been given special importance. Other physical infrastructure facilities have been identified as water supply, drainage, roads, streetlights, solid waste management, community toilet and community bath. The components identified as socio-economic infrastructure are community seva kendra and community center.

3) Assessment of the needs: On the basis of the results obtained from the surveying of the existing facilities in each slum pocket, needs for further development have been assesses based on minimum requirement of each component for living a life of quality. To assess the requirements, site conditions, public demands and various criteria of the relevant codes have been considered.

4) Development Proposal: On the basis of the needs identified, the development proposel with drawing and estimate, time frame for execution of the development and the mode of execution of the projects have been discussed.

1.6 Slums in West Bengal

The State of West Bengal witnessed significantly a high level of urbanization during the decades: 70’s to 80’s. The urban population in West Bengal was estimated as 27.30% of the total population in the 2001 census report as against 28.03% in the entire country. The over all density of urban population in the west Bengal in 2000-01 was estimated as 6,798 per sq.km. against the national average of 4,098/sq.km.

Slum areas are nothing new to the urban towns of West Bengal. It has been very much in existence from long time back for providing accommodation to the Economically Weaker Section as well as the backward section of the community. Rapid increase in the growth of slums in and around the town takes place due to increasing industrialization. The slum area proliferation took place in massive and speedy manner after partition of Bengal in the urban areas of the State where the uprooted refugees from the other side of the border took their shelter and colonies came up by and large all over the State, mostly in the urban areas where the displaced persons looked for their earnings and carrying out livelihood. Exodus of refugees from erstwhile East Pakistan occurred again during the liberation war of Bangladesh. Again with the rapid increase of activities in the urban towns in West Bengal further slum areas proliferation took place simultaneously with their growth. Urban slum vis-à-vis the decline in the rural population living below the poverty line indicates continuous migration of respective group of people to the urban areas in search of employment, economic and livelihood needs.

As the density of urban population of West Bengal was 50% more that the national average, the slum population in the State is also much more than the average nation slum population, which accounts for 35% to 40% of the urban population.

1.7 Basic Slum Parameters in West Bengal

Urban slum areas in West Bengal have been characterized by the following civic parameters –

q Excessive population density.

q Inadequate physical infrastructure like roads, drainage, sanitation, water supply, streetlights etc.

q Major portion of population living below poverty line.

q High rate of unemployment.

q Low literacy rate.

q Inadequate health care facility associated with high rate of morbidity and mortality.

q Absence of recreation and social facilities.

q Poor quality of shelter / dwellings.

q High rate of crime incidence.

q High rate of social disorder and degraded quality of life.

.2 Town

Bankura is flanked by rivers Darakeswar and Gandheswari on northan and southern side respectively. This town is about 250 Km far from the State capital, Kolkata and is connected by means of NH 60 and State highway serving as its arteries.

Keeping in view the emergence of Bankura as an urban town with the rapid growth of trade and commerce, industry, business prospect and employment opportunities, Bankura Municipality has already strengthened its infrastructural development works by providing fund from various sources of income of the Municipality along with financial assistance both from State Govt. and Central Govt.

Population of the town as per 1991 and 2001 census report is 114927 and 128811 respectively. The decayed growth is 13884, which is about 12.10% in comparison to the population of 1991.

The location of the town in the context of the entire State has been shown in Map No.1 and the town details have been furnished in the chapter ‘TOWN FEATURES’ (3.0).

2.1. Program in the town

The economic growth of the town mainly depends on Agriculture, Trade and Commerce and Service. However, there is an ample scope of growth of Cottage Industry if an organized infrastructural development is made with the introduction of proper marketing facilities, trading activity, storage facilities and transport facilities for all round development of economy of the town.

The registered slum population is 63324 distributed in 295 slum pockets all over the town. The location of the slums has been depicted on Slum Map.

This current program of IHSDP under NURM is a timely approach to solve the problems in slum areas with an initiative to integrate their development and upgradation with that of the town as a whole in a harmonic and synchronized manner.

The development program has been drawn for three basic sectors as per following:

Ø Housing

Ø Physical Infrastructure

Ø Social Infrastructure

The entire program has been detailed in the following chapters chronologically as under:

4.0 Present Scenario and Assessment of Needs

5.0 Development Proposals

6.0 Abstract Cost Estimate

7.0 Operation and Maintenance

8.0 Implementation Plan

9.0 Details of Estimate with Analysis of Rates

10.0 Drawings

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF IDSMT UNDER NURM

“FOR CONSTRUCTION OF HOUSING, PHYSICAL INFRUSTRUCTURE AND SOCIAL INFRUSTRUCTURE IN THE SLUM OF BANKURA”

A. PRESENT CONDITION
1.	Climatic phenomenon
	Rainfall Temperature Humidity	1414.25 mm Min. 12⁰c Max. 47⁰C 79 % avg.
2.	Water Bodies & Aquatic animal and Flora & Fauna	There is no major water body along the project site.
3.	Passage of storm water	The roads are internal roads of the slums. The road alignment passes across the natural path of surface runoff.
4.	Topography	Plain
5.	Human Settlement	On the roads & alignment kutcha drains already exists and no acquisition of land or property is required. Question of eviction of human settlement does not arise.
6.	Animal Kingdom	The development project does not affect any forest.
7.	Green belt	The project does not affect on the green belt,
8.	Obstruction / Barrier to existing facilities	No such obstruction will be created to the existing infrastructure facilities due to this development programme.
B. IMPACT & REMEDIES
1.	Utilization of alternative material Characteristics and availability of alternative material	Locally available earth, stone metal and bricks etc. will be used.
2.	Rehabilitation of water bodies & measures for maintaining surface runoff smoothly	No water body is affected by the alignment of road. The roadside open C. C. / Brick masonry drains have been provided for free flow of storm water.
3.	Measures for Erosion Control	Not applicable for the slum area.
4.	Conservation of Topsoil a. Extent of loss of topsoil b. Area requirement for topsoil conservation c. Inclusion of conservation of topsoil	Not applicable for the slum area.
5.	Impact on Heritage & Culture a. Identification of locally significant cultural properties b. Assessment of likely impacts on each cultural property due to project implementation c. Possible measures for avoidance i) Identification of alternative routes ii) Relocation of Culture property in consultation with the local community iii) Common Property	Question does not arise
6.	Location of Natural Habitants	It will not be disturbed
7.	Construction of site office / Camp	Temporary construction of camp / office shall be established by contractor and since the project is small and scattered, the temporary impact on environment for Construction Camp / office at the time of execution of work is negligible.
8.	Quarrying of Materials
	a. Sourcing of materials from quarries b. Lead from various existing quarries c. Adequacy of material for the project in these quarries	The construction materials required for the project shall be procured from: a) Stone metal: from the existing quarry at Pakur at a distance of about 360 km. from the project site. b) Bricks: From the existing brick fields at Ghatal at a distance of about 10 km. from the project site. c) Sand: From the Shilabati river at a distance of about 75 km. from the project site. All the materials are sufficiently available.
9.	Water Requirement; Identification of potential sources of water	Water required for the construction of work will be available from natural pond and ground water. There is no scarcity of water in the region.
10.	Location of Waste Water Disposal :
	a. Location for disposal of waste water	The surface drains have been proposed in the slum for disposal of wastewater.
	b. Outfalls locations for longitudinal drains i) Outfall level and back flow ii) The outfall is in natural stream; measures shall be taken to prevent sediment into the stream.	Natural slope of the ground will be maintained for waterways for discharge of surface runoff. No possibility of back flow except in the case of heavy flood. The storm water drain of the slums will discharge the water to the main high drain of the town leading to the outfall which is at a distance about 1 km. from the point through a sump at outfall point.
11.	Air Pollution during construction work	Work shall be carried out by equipments like concrete mixer machine vibrator etc. at this time of concerting work only for which air pollution will be negligible.
12.	Identify locations susceptible to induced development	Locations vulnerable to induced development: In such location the Municipality has committed not to allow building construction activity. a. Lands with in 50 m of junctions b. Agricultural lands with in 100 m of settlements Stretches with in 100 m of worship places, weekly fairs and locations of community mass gatherings.
13.	Roles and responsibilities of municipality in regulating development	The municipality shall lay down restrictions on building activities along the by-pass roads: 1. Municipality will enforce restriction on building activity on either side of road. 2. Development of Residential sites outside Existing Settlement. Appropriate measure towards the removal of encroachments onto the public land to be taken.
14.	Traffic Congestion and related air & noise pollution	As the road passes through the slum area of the town and two wheelers, Three wheelers light vehicle will move hence there will not be any Traffic Congestion, Related air & noise pollution.
15.	Opportunity in economic activities due to ease of transportation system	The benefits due to this project are : 1. Generation of Man days 2. Employment in service (population serving) industries 3. Improvement in Household or population sector i.e. Improvement of personal health, hygiene, socio- economic condition, education etc.

SCALE OF CONSIDERATION

DRAINAGE

Surface drainage system have been provided along all roads and pathways and outfalls drains have been re-excavated and constructed in a permanent manner

ROADS

A survey of the existing road system was carried and identified as per existing conditions

Kutcha

Brick-paved

Moorum

Concrete

CONCRETE ROAD

It is provided where the existing road is worn out brick paved with a width of road is 2.5 m or less to ensure a minimum maintenance free system and intended to ease at the movement of slum dwellers, smooth flow of pedestrian and light vehicle.

COMMUNITY TOILET:

Community Toilets provided at a scale of one seat per 20 users for each slum pocket.

STREET LIGHT

Street Lights provided per 30 m of road length and at corners and junctions.

COMMUNITY BATH

Community Toilets provided at a scale of one seat per 20 users for each slum pocket.

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Primary collection system modified with proposed door to door collection with covered bins in a segregated manner.

COMMUNITY CENTER

A Community Center for a population range of 1500 to 2000 has been proposed in the slum areas which will function as multipurpose service centers at different times of the day.

COMMUNITY SEVA KENDRA

A Community Seva Kendra for a cluster of slums covering a population range between 2000 to 5000 is proposed in the slum areas.

PROJECT AT A GLANCE
(PART - I)
1	NAME OF TOWN	Bankura
2	CATEGORY	Municipality
3	DISTRICT	Bankura
4	ADMINISTRATIVE STATUS	District Town
5	DEMOGRAPHIC FEATURE
	a) Town population	128811
	b) Total population of all slums	63324
	c) Total population of 73 slums considered in this DPR	13788
6	NO. OF SLUM POCKETS a) Total b) Consedered in this DPR	295 Nos 73 Nos
7	AREA OF SLUM POCKETS	0.2286 Sq. Km.
8	TOTAL PROJECT COST	614.89	Lakhs
	a) Housing	332.00	Lakhs
	b) Slum Infrastructure Development	240.01	Lakhs
	c) Social Infrastructure Development	42.88	Lakhs
	INCENTIVE	43.32	Lakhs
	GRAND TOTAL	658.21	Lakhs

CLUSTER OF SLUM

There are 295 Nos Slums identified in the town.

In order to facilitate working out the deficiencies in civic amenities, after carrying out necessary field survey work, the Slums are hereby proposed to be clustered on the basis of Geographical Locations, Socio – economic Conditions and Access of Civic Infrastructures. Accordingly 10 - 14 nos Cluster of Slums have been proposed in this DPR and for each cluster a separate Sub Project Report has been prepared as per following : -

*SL. NO*	*NUMBER OF SLUMS*	*SLUM NUMBER*	*CLUSTER*	*SUB PROJECT REPORT*
1	13	1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,14,15,1 6,18	1	1
2	13	10,11,12,41,65,70,71,72 ,74,75,79,80,83	2	2
3	12	76,77,78,81,82,84,85,92 ,93,94,95,97	3	3
4	14	52,59,61,54,58,60,62,63 ,64,66,67,68,69,73	4	4
5	10	53,57,55,56,244,245,24 7,248,255,259	5	5
6	11	251,19,246,249,250,252 ,253,254,256,257,258	6	6

Monthly Report of Progress of Implementation of IHSDP

(To be received in SUDA by the 7^th of the following Month)

As on: 29.12.2010

Amount In Lakh

Name of Town : Bankura

Approved Project Cost : 614.89

a) Cost of Housing : 332.00

b) Cost of Infrastructure Development : 282.89

Housing

No. of Sanctioned Units : 415

No. of Beneficiaries Identified : 415

No. of which land tenure is clear : 415

No. for which Beneficiaries Contribution deposited : 387

No. for which Tender invited : 110

No. for which Work Order issued : 110

Amount for which work started (Through Tender) : 27

Amount for which work started (Through Beneficiary) : 299

P.L.	L.L.	Up to Roof Casting	Fully Completed	Total
61	64	160	14	299

Physical progress(Through Beneficiary) :

P.L.	L.L.	Up to Roof Casting	Fully Completed	Total
Nil	Nil	1	26	27

Physical progress(Through Tender) :

Expenditure Incurred : 255.80 Lack 6.80 Lack Booked- Committed- (Cheque issued) (Work done not paid)

Physical Infrastructure

Water Supply

	Amount	Quantity(Unit-wise)
Sanctioned :	59.71	7067 M.
Tender invited :	Nil	Nil
Work Order issued :	Nil	Nil
Physical Progress :
Expenditure Incurred :	Booked- (Cheque issued)	Committed-(Work Done –not paid)
	Rs. Nil	Rs. Nil

C.C.

Amount

Quantity

Amount

Quantity

57.67

38.35

13730 Sq.M.

9131.30SqM

0.87

174 Sq.M.

Roads

Amount Sanctioned :

Amount for which Tender invited :

Amount for which Work Order issued:

Physical Progress : 987 Sq.M completed.

Expenditure Incurred : 3.604 Lakh 0.54 Lakh Booked- Committed- (Cheque issued) (Work done not paid)

Drain

	Amount	Quantity (Unit-wise)
Sanctioned :	Rs. 67.24 Lakh	7154 M.
Tender invited :	Rs. 49.89 Lakh	5308 M.
Work Order issued :	Rs. 49.89 Lakh	5308 M.
Physical Progress :	1106 M. is completed.
Expenditure Incurred :	Booked-(Cheque issued)	Committed-(Work Done –not paid)
	Rs. 5.266 Lakh	Rs. 5.134 Lakh

Street Light

	Amount	Quantity (Unit-wise)
Sanctioned :	Rs. 13.44 Lakh	228 Nos.
Tender invited :	Under Process	Under Process
Work Order issued :	Nil	Nil
Physical Progress :	Nil
Expenditure Incurred :	Booked-(Cheque issued)	Committed-(Work Done –not paid)
	Rs. Nil	Rs. Nil

Community Toilet

	Amount	Quantity (Unit-wise)
Sanctioned :	Rs. 20.46 Lakh	6 Nos.
Tender invited :	Nil	Nil
Work Order issued :	Nil	Nil
Physical Progress :	Nil
Expenditure Incurred :	Booked-(Cheque issued)	Committed-(Work Done –not paid)
	Rs. Nil	Rs. Nil

Community Bath

	Amount	Quantity (Unit-wise)
Sanctioned :	Rs. 13.30 Lakh	7 Nos.
Tender invited :	Nil	Nil
Work Order issued :	Nil	Nil
Physical Progress :	Nil
Expenditure Incurred :	Booked- (Cheque issued)	Committed-(Work Done –not paid)
	Rs. Nil	Rs. Nil

Solid Waste Management

	Amount	Quantity (Unit-wise)
Sanctioned :	Rs. 7.32 Lakh	122 Nos.
Tender invited :	Rs. 7.32 Lakh	122 Nos.
Work Order issued :	Nil	Nil
Physical Progress :	Nil
Expenditure Incurred :	Booked- (Cheque issued)	Committed-(Work Done –not paid)
	Rs. Nil	Rs. Nil

Community Seva Kendra

	Amount	Quantity (Unit-wise)
Sanctioned :	Rs. 24.15 Lakh	5 Nos.
Tender invited :	Rs. 11.37 Lakh	3 Nos.
Work Order issued :	Nil	Nil
Physical Progress :	Nil
Expenditure Incurred :	Booked- (Cheque issued)	Committed- (Work Done –not paid)
	Rs. Nil	Rs. Nil

Community Centre

	Amount	Quantity (Unit-wise)
Sanctioned :	Rs. 18.73 Lakh	7 Nos.
Tender invited :	Rs. 14.72 Lakh	5 Nos.
Work Order issued :	Nil	Nil
Physical Progress :	Nil
Expenditure Incurred :	Booked- (Cheque issued)	Committed- (Work Done –not paid)
	Rs. Nil	Rs. Nil

Total Amount Received from SUDA : 267.13 lakh

ULB Share Deposited : 7.07 lakh

Beneficiaries Contribution Collected : 61.92 Lakh

Total 336.12 Lakh

Total Expenditure Incurred : 282.934 Lakh

a) Booked expenditure : 264.67 Lakh

(Cheque issued)

b) Committed expenditure : 12.474 Lakh

(Work Done –not paid)

c) Miscellaneous expenses : 5.79 Lakh

(Salary for Sub Assistant Engineer-2,)